If you do not see the button right away, try restarting your computer. When it opened again, the look of the toolbar will be slightly different and you should see the Teams Meeting button in Calendar invitations.
Please make sure you understand all these instructions before clicking Remove again. Non-DDS supported customers need to check and upgrade their Outlook software. To fix, DDS customers can run an uninstall script to remove the volume license and activate an Office 365 instance.